Who excommunicated Anne Hutchinson from the Puritan church?

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Multiple Choice

Who excommunicated Anne Hutchinson from the Puritan church?

Explanation:
In Puritan Massachusetts, excommunication was a formal discipline carried out by church leaders and backed by the colony’s civil authorities. Hutchinson’s case went before the Puritan church leadership, who condemned her antinomian views as dangerous to church order. Because church decisions in that setting were tied to the state, the ruling was supported by the magistrates as well, and she was cut off from church membership. She didn’t excommunicate herself, and the Governor alone wouldn’t carrying out such a sanction without church backing. The combined action of religious and civil leaders—Puritan Authorities—enforced the excommunication and the subsequent banishment from the colony.

In Puritan Massachusetts, excommunication was a formal discipline carried out by church leaders and backed by the colony’s civil authorities. Hutchinson’s case went before the Puritan church leadership, who condemned her antinomian views as dangerous to church order. Because church decisions in that setting were tied to the state, the ruling was supported by the magistrates as well, and she was cut off from church membership. She didn’t excommunicate herself, and the Governor alone wouldn’t carrying out such a sanction without church backing. The combined action of religious and civil leaders—Puritan Authorities—enforced the excommunication and the subsequent banishment from the colony.

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